Old Town Square (Prague)
Praga, Prague Region, Czech Republic
Suggest Place to Visit
3906
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Historic heart of the Old Town district of Prague, this square is one of the best known in Europe. Many important events in Czech history took place here. Surrounded by palaces and churches, the old town hall and its astronomical clock stand out.
The present, very wide and irregularly shaped square that gives access to all the places of the Old City, did not always have the same aspect. The great sanitation campaign of the Prague ghetto with the drilling of Paris Street in the early 20th century and the bombing of the right side of the old town hall in 1945 opened up new prospects and changed the format of this historic square.
The baroque façade of the Church of St. Nicholas to the west, ingeniously built to be seen from a short narrow perspective, is currently open for several looks.
The history of the square dates back to the Romanesque period when it served as commercial space. Most of the palaces that surround it have baroque or classical façades: they hide attics and much older walls, which in some cases date back to Romanesque and Gothic periods. During the fourteenth century, the city hall was built, the political center of the Old Town municipality, which was independent. A few years later, the immense church of Our Lady of Tyn, the "merchants' cathedral", was built on the other side of the square.
Several important events of Czech history took place here, one of the most tragic is remembered with a memorial situated in front of the city hall: after the defeat of the Czech troops in the battle of the White Mountain, 24 leaders of the rebellion were beheaded in this place 12 of June of 1621 , condemning for long any attempt of independence of the power of Habsburgs.
From the middle of the seventeenth century until 1918, a marial column decorated the square. In 1918, at the time of Czech independence and the proclamation of the first republic, it was overthrown, by its connotation as a symbol of Austro-Hungarian absolutism. Since then, only the proud figure of Jan Hus is visible: Czech reformist who was burned for heresy in 1415. 5 centuries later he is regarded as a symbol of national independence. The sculpture made by Ladislav Šaloun in a secessionist style (1915) shows Jan Hus set against all injustices and as an announcer of new times.
Among the magnificent houses and palaces surrounding the Old Town square are the "stone bell" palace, where the restoration work allowed its original medieval appearance, the elegantly decorated Goltz-Kinských palace rococo and the «U Minutu» house decorated with black and white graffiti.
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